Linganisha mbinu

	Uundaji wa Uhakiki wa Maamuzi katika Uchumi wa Afya	Mfumo wa Mnyororo wa Markov katika Uchumi wa Afya
Nyanja	Uchumi wa Afya	Uchumi wa Afya
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1975	1983
Mwanzilishi	Pauker & Kassirer (medical decision analysis, Massachusetts General Hospital)	Beck & Pauker (medical decision analysis, Massachusetts General Hospital)
Aina	Method	Method
Chanzo asilia	Pauker, S. G., & Kassirer, J. P. (1975). Therapeutic Decision Making: A Cost-Benefit Analysis. New England Journal of Medicine, 293(5), 229-234.	Beck, J. R., & Pauker, S. G. (1983). The Markov Process in Medical Prognosis. Medical Decision Making, 3(4), 419-458.
Majina mbadala	decision analysis, decision tree, decision model, health economic model	Markov model, state transition model, cohort simulation
Zinazohusiana	5	5
Muhtasari	Decision analytic modeling is a systematic framework for comparing health interventions by integrating evidence on probabilities, outcomes, costs, and patient preferences into a quantitative model. Developed by Pauker and Kassirer in 1975, decision analysis structures clinical uncertainty and economic trade-offs, enabling transparent comparison of treatment options and identification of optimal strategies. Used in health technology assessment, clinical practice guideline development, and resource allocation decisions.	A Markov model is a decision-analytic tool that simulates disease progression through defined health states over time, calculating cumulative costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) to enable cost-effectiveness analysis. Developed by Beck and Pauker in 1983, Markov models are now the standard framework for projecting long-term outcomes of health interventions, especially chronic diseases where patients transition between clinical states (treatment response, disease progression, remission, death). Used by health technology assessment bodies and pharmaceutical companies to predict intervention value beyond trial duration.