Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Kipimo cha Mfadhaiko, Wasiwasi na Msongo-21 (DASS-21)× | Kiwango cha Kituo cha Utafiti wa Afya ya Jamii cha Huzuni (CES-D)× | Kipimo cha Tathmini ya Wasiwasi cha Hamilton (HAM-A)× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Saikolojia ya Kliniki | Saikolojia ya Kliniki | Saikolojia ya Kliniki |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1995 | 1977 | 1959 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Stephen H. Lovibond and Peter F. Lovibond | Lenore Sawyer Radloff | Max Hamilton |
| Aina≠ | Three-dimensional mental health screening | Community-based depression assessment | Clinician-administered anxiety assessment |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Psychology Foundation of Australia. link ↗ | Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385-401. DOI ↗ | Hamilton, M. (1959). The assessment of anxiety states by rating. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 32(1), 50-55. DOI ↗ |
| Majina mbadala≠ | DASS-21, DASS, DASS-42 | CES-D, CESD | HAM-A, HARS |
| Zinazohusiana | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Muhtasari≠ | The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) is a 21-item self-report instrument measuring three correlated but distinct dimensions of psychological distress: depression, anxiety, and stress. Developed by Lovibond and Lovibond in 1995, the DASS-21 is a short form of the original 42-item DASS. It has become widely used in research and clinical settings for its brevity, multidimensional structure, and strong psychometric properties. | The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a 20-item self-report instrument for measuring depressive symptoms in the general population. Developed by Lenore Radloff in 1977, the CES-D was designed for epidemiological research to rapidly identify depression in community samples. It remains a widely used measure in public health, aging research, and longitudinal cohort studies worldwide. | The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) is a clinician-administered assessment tool for quantifying the severity of anxiety symptoms in adults. Developed by Max Hamilton in 1959, it remains one of the most widely used instruments for evaluating anxiety in clinical and research settings. The scale measures both psychological and somatic manifestations of anxiety across 14 items. |
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