Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| DAG Causal Identification× | Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Uhitimisho wa Kisababishi | Uhitimisho wa Kisababishi |
| Familia | Regression model | Regression model |
| Mwaka wa asili | 2009 | 2009 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Judea Pearl | Angrist & Pischke (textbook treatment); Stock & Yogo (weak-instrument theory) |
| Aina≠ | Causal identification framework | Instrumental-variables regression |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Pearl, J. (2009). Causality: Models, Reasoning, and Inference (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0521895606 | Angrist, J. D. & Pischke, J. S. (2009). Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion. Princeton University Press. ISBN: 978-0691120355 |
| Majina mbadala≠ | do-calculus, backdoor adjustment, Pearl causal identification, DAG ile Nedensel Tanımlama (do-calculus) | instrumental variables, IV estimation, 2SLS, instrumental variable regression |
| Zinazohusiana | 5 | 5 |
| Muhtasari≠ | DAG causal identification is a framework, developed by Judea Pearl (2009), that encodes causal assumptions as a directed acyclic graph and uses the do-calculus rules to determine whether and how a causal effect can be identified from observational data. It systematically handles confounders, instrumental variables, and backdoor paths. | IV/2SLS is a two-stage estimation method that recovers the causal effect of an endogenous regressor by isolating the part of its variation driven by an external instrument. It is the workhorse identification strategy in modern applied econometrics, developed at length in Angrist and Pischke's Mostly Harmless Econometrics (2009). |
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