Linganisha mbinu

	ARDL za Msalaba-Sehemu	Uchambuzi wa Lag Uliosambazwa kwa Msalaba	ARDL ya Kiasi
Nyanja	Ekonometriki	Ekonometriki	Ekonometriki
Familia	Regression model	Regression model	Regression model
Mwaka wa asili	2006	2001	2006
Mwanzilishi	Pesaran and colleagues	Pesaran, Shin, and Smith	Roger Koenker and Zhijie Xiao
Aina	Dynamic panel model	Distributed lag model	Conditional distribution model
Chanzo asilia	Pesaran, M. H., & Smith, R. (2016). Testing weak cross-sectional dependence in large panels. Econometric Reviews, 34(6-10), 1089-1117.	Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships and dynamics. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289-326.	Koenker, R., & Xiao, Z. (2006). Quantile autoregression. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 101(475), 980-990.
Majina mbadala	Panel ARDL with cross-sectional dependence	Panel distributed lag model	Quantile ARDL
Zinazohusiana	3	3	3
Muhtasari	CS-ARDL (Cross-Sectional ARDL) applies the ARDL framework to panel data while explicitly accounting for cross-sectional dependence—correlation of shocks and relationships across units (countries, firms, regions). Introduced by Pesaran and colleagues (2016), it extends panel ARDL methods to handle common factors or global shocks affecting all units simultaneously. This is crucial for realistic modeling of internationally integrated economies and firm networks.	CS-DL (Cross-Sectional Distributed Lag) is a simplified dynamic panel model regressing outcomes on current and lagged explanatory variables without explicit autoregressive terms, while accounting for cross-sectional dependence. Built on Pesaran et al. (2001) and extended by Chudik et al. (2014), it estimates dynamic effects more parsimoniously than ARDL when autocorrelated lags are less critical. This approach is valuable for short-horizon effects and policy impact analysis.	QARDL (Quantile Autoregressive Distributed Lag) combines quantile regression with ARDL modeling to estimate conditional relationships at different points of the distribution, revealing heterogeneous short-run and long-run effects. Introduced by Koenker and Xiao (2006) and refined by Cho et al. (2015), it captures how the effect of explanatory variables on outcomes varies across quantiles, essential for understanding tail behavior and distributional impacts rather than just mean effects.