Linganisha mbinu

	Uchanganuzi wa Mseto wa Tabulasi	Kipimo cha Chi-square cha Uhuru
Nyanja	Takwimu	Takwimu
Familia	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
Mwaka wa asili	1900	1900
Mwanzilishi	Karl Pearson	Karl Pearson
Aina	Descriptive and inferential categorical analysis	Nonparametric test of association
Chanzo asilia	Pearson, K. (1900). On the criterion that a given system of deviations from the probable in the case of a correlated system of variables is such that it can be reasonably supposed to have arisen from random sampling. Philosophical Magazine, 50(302), 157–175.	Pearson, K. (1900). On the criterion that a given system of deviations from the probable in the case of a correlated system of variables is such that it can be reasonably supposed to have arisen from random sampling. Philosophical Magazine, 50(302), 157–175.
Majina mbadala	crosstab, contingency table analysis, two-way frequency table, bivariate frequency analysis	chi-squared test, Pearson's chi-square test, test of independence, ki-kare bağımsızlık testi
Zinazohusiana	5	2
Muhtasari	Cross-tabulation analysis (contingency table analysis) is a foundational descriptive and inferential technique for examining the relationship between two or more categorical variables. It arranges observed frequencies into a table of rows and columns, enabling visual inspection of patterns and formal chi-square testing of independence between the variables.	The chi-square test of independence is a nonparametric hypothesis test that examines whether two categorical variables are associated by comparing observed and expected frequencies in a cross-tabulation. It rests on the chi-square criterion introduced by Karl Pearson in 1900.