Linganisha mbinu

	Uchanganuzi wa Ufanisi wa Gharama (CEA)	Uundaji wa Uhakiki wa Maamuzi katika Uchumi wa Afya
Nyanja	Uchumi wa Afya	Uchumi wa Afya
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1984	1975
Mwanzilishi	Drummond & Stoddart (Health Economics Research Group, McMaster University)	Pauker & Kassirer (medical decision analysis, Massachusetts General Hospital)
Aina	Method	Method
Chanzo asilia	Gold, M. R., Siegel, J. E., Russell, L. B., & Weinstein, M. C. (Eds.). (1996). Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine. New York: Oxford University Press.	Pauker, S. G., & Kassirer, J. P. (1975). Therapeutic Decision Making: A Cost-Benefit Analysis. New England Journal of Medicine, 293(5), 229-234.
Majina mbadala	CEA, ICER, Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio	decision analysis, decision tree, decision model, health economic model
Zinazohusiana	5	5
Muhtasari	Cost-effectiveness analysis compares the incremental cost per unit of health benefit gained by one intervention relative to a comparator (standard care or best alternative). Developed rigorously in the 1980s by Drummond, Stoddart, and colleagues, CEA is now the standard framework for technology appraisal globally. NICE, HAS, CADTH, and other health technology assessment bodies use CEA to decide which treatments warrant public funding and at what price.	Decision analytic modeling is a systematic framework for comparing health interventions by integrating evidence on probabilities, outcomes, costs, and patient preferences into a quantitative model. Developed by Pauker and Kassirer in 1975, decision analysis structures clinical uncertainty and economic trade-offs, enabling transparent comparison of treatment options and identification of optimal strategies. Used in health technology assessment, clinical practice guideline development, and resource allocation decisions.