Linganisha mbinu

	Linguistiki ya Kongamashina	Glottochronology
Nyanja	Isimu	Isimu
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1980	1950
Mwanzilishi	John Sinclair	Morris Swadesh
Aina	Empirical process pipeline	Empirical process pipeline
Chanzo asilia	Sinclair, J. M. (1991). Corpus, Concordance, Collocation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.	Swadesh, M. (1950). Salish internal relationships. International Journal of American Linguistics, 16(3), 157-167.
Majina mbadala	Corpus Analysis, Corpora Studies	Lexicostatistics, Glottochronological Dating
Zinazohusiana	1	2
Muhtasari	Corpus Linguistics is the study of language based on large, representative collections of texts (corpora) processed by computer. Pioneered by John Sinclair and others, the method uses statistical analysis, concordancing, and computational tools to examine patterns of actual language use. Corpus linguistics has transformed our understanding of English and other languages, revealing frequency patterns, collocation preferences, and register variation that were previously hidden. It serves theoretical linguistics, applied language teaching, and natural language processing.	Glottochronology, or lexicostatistics, is a quantitative method in historical linguistics that estimates the time of divergence between related languages based on the proportion of shared cognates in their basic vocabularies. Developed by Morris Swadesh in 1950, the method assumes that core vocabulary items change at a relatively constant rate over time, allowing linguists to calculate a 'time depth'—how long ago two languages shared a common ancestor. Though controversial due to its restrictive assumptions, glottochronology provides rough temporal estimates when archaeological or written records are unavailable.