Linganisha mbinu

	Kiwango cha Mbinu za Migogoro (CTS2)	Kipimo cha Marekebisho ya Wanandoa (DAS)
Nyanja	Saikolojia ya Kijamii	Saikolojia ya Kijamii
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1979	1976
Mwanzilishi	Murray A. Straus	Graham B. Spanier
Aina	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
Chanzo asilia	Straus, M. A. (1996). Measuring intrafamily conflict and violence: The Conflict Tactics Scale. Journal of Family Issues, 41(1), 75-88.	Spanier, G. B. (1976). Measuring dyadic adjustment: New scales for assessing the quality of marriage and similar dyads. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 38(1), 15-28.
Majina mbadala	CTS2, Revised Conflict Tactics Scale, CTS	DAS, Spanier Dyadic Adjustment Scale
Zinazohusiana	3	3
Muhtasari	The Conflict Tactics Scale is the most widely used instrument for measuring how intimate partners handle disagreements and conflict, including tactics ranging from negotiation and psychological aggression to physical violence and sexual coercion. Developed by Murray Straus in 1979 and substantially revised in 1996 (CTS2), it is used extensively in family research, intimate partner violence assessment, and couple therapy evaluation. The CTS2 measures five dimensions of conflict behavior: negotiation (reasoning and discussion), psychological aggression (insults, threats), physical assault (pushing, hitting, weapon use), injury (physical consequences of violence), and sexual coercion.	The Dyadic Adjustment Scale is the most widely used self-report instrument for measuring the quality of relationships in married or cohabiting couples. Developed by Graham Spanier in 1976, it captures four fundamental dimensions of relationship functioning: consensus (agreement on key domains), satisfaction (contentment in the partnership), cohesion (togetherness and shared activities), and affectional expression (intimacy and passion). The DAS has become a gold standard in couple therapy research, relationship satisfaction studies, and marital intervention trials.