Linganisha mbinu

	Kiwango cha Ubora wa Kitaaluma (ProQOL)	Kiwango cha Msongo wa Msongo wa Sekondari (STSS)
Nyanja	Saikolojia ya Trauma	Saikolojia ya Trauma
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2005	2004
Mwanzilishi	Beth Hamovitch Stamm	Brian E. Bride et al.
Aina	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
Chanzo asilia	Stamm, B. H. (2010). The Concise ProQOL Manual (2nd ed.). ProQOL.org.	Bride, B. E., Robinson, M. M., Edwards, B., & Lochner, B. (2004). Development and validation of the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 17(3), 231-239.
Majina mbadala	ProQOL, ProQOL-5, Compassion Fatigue Scale	STSS, Bride STSS
Zinazohusiana	3	3
Muhtasari	The ProQOL is a 30-item self-report instrument measuring both negative (compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress) and positive (compassion satisfaction) dimensions of occupational wellbeing in helping professionals. Developed by Stamm in 2005, the ProQOL conceptualizes professional quality of life holistically—capturing not only the burden of helping work but also its rewards and meaning. The scale is widely used in occupational health research, organizational assessment, and intervention evaluation across healthcare, mental health, social services, and disaster response fields.	The STSS is a 17-item self-report scale measuring secondary traumatic stress (STS)—trauma-related symptoms experienced by professionals exposed to others' trauma through their work. Developed by Bride and colleagues in 2004, the STSS operationalizes the concept of secondary traumatic stress disorder, a recognized occupational health concern affecting mental health professionals, physicians, first responders, and others in trauma-exposed occupations. The scale is used for occupational health screening, research on clinician burnout, and organizational assessment of workplace trauma exposure.