Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Utafiti Linganishi wa Kesi× | Uchanganuzi wa kiutamaduni kulinganishi× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Mbinu za Kimaelezo | Mbinu za Kimaelezo |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1984 (Yin); 1995 (Stake) | 1987–1995 (systematic comparative ethnography formalized) |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Robert K. Yin; Robert E. Stake | George E. Marcus (multi-sited formulation); Charles C. Ragin (comparative logic) |
| Aina≠ | Qualitative / mixed research design | Qualitative comparative research design |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169 | Marcus, G. E. (1995). Ethnography in/of the world system: The emergence of multi-sited ethnography. Annual Review of Anthropology, 24, 95–117. DOI ↗ |
| Majina mbadala | cross-case study, multi-site case study, multiple case study design, comparative case analysis | multi-sited ethnography, cross-site ethnography, comparative field research, comparative participant observation |
| Zinazohusiana≠ | 4 | 6 |
| Muhtasari≠ | Comparative case study is a qualitative research design in which two or more bounded cases are studied in depth and then systematically compared to identify similarities, differences, and patterns across contexts. Rooted in Yin's replication logic and Stake's multiple case framework, it is particularly suited to questions that ask how or why a phenomenon unfolds differently — or similarly — across distinct settings, populations, or time periods. | Comparative ethnography is a qualitative research design that conducts in-depth ethnographic fieldwork across two or more sites, groups, communities, or cultural settings in order to generate systematic comparisons. Rather than describing a single community in isolation, it traces similarities, differences, and interconnections across cases, producing theoretically grounded insights that no single site could yield alone. |
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