Linganisha mbinu

	Utafiti Linganishi wa Wasifu	Utafiti wa Hadithi Linganishi
Nyanja	Mbinu za Kimaelezo	Mbinu za Kimaelezo
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1970s–1980s	1990s–2000s
Mwanzilishi	Daniel Bertaux; Paul Thompson	D. Jean Clandinin & F. Michael Connelly (narrative inquiry); comparative extension by the broader qualitative comparative tradition
Aina	Qualitative comparative research design	Qualitative comparative research design
Chanzo asilia	Bertaux, D. (Ed.). (1981). Biography and Society: The Life History Approach in the Social Sciences. Sage. ISBN: 978-0803914025	Clandinin, D. J., & Connelly, F. M. (2000). Narrative Inquiry: Experience and Story in Qualitative Research. Jossey-Bass. ISBN: 978-0787943523
Majina mbadala	comparative biography, cross-case biographical analysis, biographical comparative method, comparative life-story research	comparative narrative inquiry, cross-case narrative research, narrative comparison, comparative narrative analysis
Zinazohusiana	6	6
Muhtasari	Comparative biographical research is a qualitative design that gathers in-depth life-story accounts from multiple participants and systematically compares them to identify structural patterns, commonalities, and divergences across individual biographies. Rooted in the sociological life-history tradition, it moves beyond single-case description to generate broader theoretical insights about how social conditions, historical contexts, and personal agency shape individual trajectories.	Comparative narrative research is a qualitative design that collects personal stories or life accounts from two or more participants, groups, or contexts and systematically compares them to reveal patterns, contrasts, and contextual influences. Drawing on narrative inquiry's attention to experience-as-story, it adds a deliberate comparative logic to identify what is shared, what diverges, and why differences emerge across cases.