Linganisha mbinu

	Maswali ya Mambo ya Kawaida	Fomu ya Vipengele vya Tiba Vinavyosaidia
Nyanja	Utafiti wa Saikoterapia	Utafiti wa Saikoterapia
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1992	1988
Mwanzilishi	Michael J. Lambert, Bruce E. Wampold	Sara P. Llewellyn; Robert Elliott
Aina	Client-rated	Client-rated
Chanzo asilia	Lambert, M. J., & Barley, D. E. (2001). Research summary on the therapeutic relationship and psychotherapy outcome. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 38(4), 357–361.	Llewellyn, S. P., Foo, S., & Stam, H. J. (1988). Assessing psychotherapy outcome: Clients' perspectives. Canadian Journal of Counselling, 22(2), 191–206.
Majina mbadala	CFQ, Therapeutic Factors Scale	HAT, Helpful Aspects Questionnaire
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	The Common Factors Questionnaire (CFQ) is a structured client-report measure that quantifies the client's perception of therapeutic factors deemed common to effective psychotherapy across all modalities—including alliance, therapist empathy, client agency, goal clarity, and emotional expression. Based on Lambert's contextual model and Wampold's therapeutic relationship framework, the CFQ operationalizes the empirical finding that 70% or more of therapy outcome variance is attributable to common factors (relationship, expectancy, therapeutic environment) rather than specific technique. It is used in research to examine mechanisms of change and to compare common factors across therapy types.	The Helpful Aspects of Therapy (HAT) form is a semi-structured client feedback instrument designed to capture the client's perception of what was most beneficial or helpful in a therapy session or course of treatment. Developed by Llewellyn and refined by Elliott, the HAT combines open-ended narrative response with structured rating scales, enabling rich qualitative insight alongside quantitative comparison. It is used in qualitative outcome research and clinical feedback systems to understand mechanisms of change from the client's perspective.