Linganisha mbinu

	Nadharia ya Coalescent	Uchanganuzi wa Vizimba vya Uunganishaji
Nyanja	Jenetiki	Jenetiki
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1982	2002
Mwanzilishi	John Kingman	Shaun Gabriel & Eric Lander
Aina	Stochastic process model	Haplotype analysis method
Chanzo asilia	Kingman, J. F. C. (1982). The coalescent. Stochastic Processes and their Applications, 13(3), 235–248.	Gabriel, S. B., Schaffner, S. F., Nguyen, H., Moore, J. M., Roy, J., Blumenstiel, B., & Lander, E. S. (2002). The structure of haplotype blocks in the human genome. Science, 296(5576), 2225–2229.
Majina mbadala	Kingman Coalescent, n-coalescent	Haplotype block analysis, LD mapping, Block structure analysis
Zinazohusiana	4	5
Muhtasari	Coalescent theory is a probabilistic framework that traces the genealogical history of DNA sequences backward in time to their most recent common ancestor. Developed by John Kingman in 1982, this method forms the foundation of modern population genetics, enabling researchers to understand demographic events, estimate genetic parameters, and reconstruct evolutionary histories from modern genetic data.	Linkage disequilibrium (LD) block analysis is a genomic method that partitions the human genome into distinct haplotype blocks—regions of limited recombination where variants are in strong statistical association. First systematically described by Gabriel and colleagues in 2002, this approach reveals the underlying structure of genetic variation and enables efficient genomic studies by reducing the number of variants needed to capture common diversity. LD block analysis forms the foundation of genome-wide association study (GWAS) design and modern population genetics.