Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Jaribio la Maabara Lililopangwa kwa Vikundi× | Majaribio Yanayodhibitiwa kwa Vikundi Vilivyopangwa kwa Nasibu× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Muundo wa Majaribio | Muundo wa Majaribio |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1990s (formalized; cluster randomization principles developed in 1970s-1980s) | 1978–1980s |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | David M. Murray (group-randomized trial methodology); built on classical cluster sampling in experimental design | Cornfield (1978); systematised by Donner and colleagues (1980s) |
| Aina≠ | Controlled laboratory experiment with cluster-level randomization | Experimental design |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Murray, D. M. (1998). Design and Analysis of Group-Randomized Trials. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195120363 | Donner, A., & Klar, N. (2000). Design and Analysis of Cluster Randomization Trials in Health Research. Arnold. ISBN: 978-0340652978 |
| Majina mbadala | cluster-randomized lab experiment, group-randomized laboratory study, cluster RCT laboratory variant, clustered lab trial | cluster RCT, group-randomized trial, community randomized trial, cluster-randomized experiment |
| Zinazohusiana≠ | 6 | 4 |
| Muhtasari≠ | A cluster randomized laboratory experiment assigns intact groups — such as lab sections, cohorts, or naturally formed teams — rather than individual participants, to experimental conditions. All participants within a cluster receive the same treatment. The design is used when individual randomization would cause contamination between conditions, while retaining the controlled environment of a laboratory setting. | A cluster randomized controlled trial (cluster RCT) is an experimental design in which intact social or organisational groups — such as schools, clinics, villages, or workplaces — are randomly assigned to treatment conditions rather than individual participants. Outcomes are still measured at the individual level, but the unit of randomization is the cluster. This design is essential when an intervention is delivered to whole groups, when there is a risk of contamination between participants in the same setting, or when individual randomization is logistically or ethically impractical. |
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