Linganisha mbinu

	Kiwango cha Tathmini ya Uhamishaji Mkuu	Kiwango cha Vipimo vya Hofu ya Maumivu (PASS)
Nyanja	Tiba ya Maumivu	Tiba ya Maumivu
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2012	1996
Mwanzilishi	Tom G. Mayer, Ralph Neblett, and colleagues	Gordon J.G. Asmundson and colleagues
Aina	Self-report screening inventory for central sensitization	Self-report scale measuring anxiety symptoms in response to pain
Chanzo asilia	Mayer, T.G., Neblett, R., Cohen, H., et al. (2012). The development and psychometric validation of the Central Sensitization Inventory. Pain Practice, 12(4), 276-285.	McWilliams, L.A., Asmundson, G.J., & Gauthier, N. (2006). Pain anxiety symptoms scale: Brief 20-item version (PASS-20). Journal of Pain, 7(7), 479-485.
Majina mbadala	CSI, Central Sensitization Scale	PASS, Anxiety Symptoms Scale
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	The Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) is a 25-item self-report screening instrument developed by Mayer and colleagues in 2012 to identify patients with central sensitization—a condition characterized by amplification of pain signaling and hypersensitivity to sensory stimuli. The CSI captures the constellation of symptoms including widespread pain, sleep disturbance, cognitive dysfunction, and autonomic dysregulation associated with central sensitization syndromes such as fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and post-traumatic stress disorder.	The Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS) is a 20-item self-report instrument developed by Asmundson and colleagues in 1996 to measure anxiety symptoms specifically related to pain. The PASS captures fear of pain, avoidance behaviors, cognitive anxiety, and physiological anxiety responses that commonly accompany chronic pain and contribute to disability through fear-avoidance mechanisms.