Linganisha mbinu

	Orodha ya Utafiti Uliochaguliwa kwa Bahati Nasibu wa CASP	GRADE Evidence Profiling: Kutathmini Uhakika wa Ushahidi na Nguvu ya Pendekezo
Nyanja	Metodolojia ya Utafiti	Metodolojia ya Utafiti
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1993 (updated through 2023)	2008
Mwanzilishi	Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (Oxford, UK)	Guyatt et al. (GRADE Working Group)
Aina	Clinician-rated / Research team assessment	Research team / Guideline panel assessment
Chanzo asilia	Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). (1993, updated). CASP Randomised Controlled Trials Checklist. University of Oxford, UK. www.casp-uk.net	Guyatt, G., Oxman, A. D., Vist, G. E., Kunz, R., Falck-Ytter, Y., Alonso-Coello, P., & Schünemann, H. J. (2008). GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ, 336(7650), 924–926.
Majina mbadala	CASP-RCT, CASP	GRADE, GRADE approach
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) RCT Checklist is a practical, widely adopted tool developed by the UK-based Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (founded 1993) for assessing the methodological quality and relevance of published randomized controlled trials. Unlike numeric scoring scales, it uses 11 structured questions with yes/no/cannot tell responses to guide critical appraisal in a format accessible to busy clinicians, researchers, and educators.	GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) is a systematic, transparent framework for assessing the certainty of evidence and determining the strength of clinical recommendations in healthcare. Published in 2008 by Guyatt et al., GRADE has become the international standard for guideline development, used by the World Health Organization, Cochrane, and most major clinical guideline organizations worldwide.