Linganisha mbinu

	Utafiti wa Kundi-Kesi	Uchanganuzi wa Hisabati wa Viwango Vilivyopunguzwa vya Sehemu (PLS-SEM)
Nyanja	Saikometriki	Saikometriki
Familia	Latent structure	Latent structure
Mwaka wa asili	1986	1985
Mwanzilishi	Ross Prentice	Herman Wold
Aina	Partial cohort sampling design	Component-based structural equation model
Chanzo asilia	Prentice, R. L. (1986). A case-cohort design for epidemiologic cohort studies and disease prevention trials. Biometrika, 73(1), 1-11.	Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 9781483377445
Majina mbadala	—	PLS-SEM, PLS path modeling
Zinazohusiana	4	5
Muhtasari	Case-cohort design is an epidemiological study design developed by Prentice (1986) that efficiently combines features of case-control and cohort studies. Researchers enroll an entire cohort, follow it for outcomes, then measure exposures only on cases and a random subcohort, reducing measurement costs while maintaining valid causal inference.	PLS-SEM is a variance-based approach to structural equation modeling developed by Herman Wold (1985) that estimates latent variable models by maximizing the variance explained in dependent variables. Unlike covariance-based SEM, PLS-SEM is particularly useful for exploratory research, small to medium samples, complex models with many constructs, and non-normal data.