Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Kipimo cha Hisia Chanya× | Kielelezo cha Ustawi wa WHO-5× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Saikolojia Chanya | Saikolojia Chanya |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 2001 | 1998 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Barbara Fredrickson | World Health Organization |
| Aina≠ | Self-report affect scale | Self-report questionnaire |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The Broaden-and-Build Theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56(3), 218–226. DOI ↗ | World Health Organization (1998). Wellbeing measures in primary health care: the DepCare project. WHO regional publications European series, 69. link ↗ |
| Majina mbadala≠ | Positive Affect Scale, PAS | WHO-5 |
| Zinazohusiana | 4 | 4 |
| Muhtasari≠ | The Positive Emotions Scale measures the frequency or intensity of positive emotions experienced by individuals. Drawing on Fredrickson's Broaden-and-Build Theory of positive emotions, this scale operationalizes the understanding that positive emotional states (joy, contentment, interest, gratitude, serenity) have cognitive and behavioral consequences—they broaden attention and thinking, building psychological, intellectual, and social resources. Common instruments include the Positive Affect subscale of the PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule) and other positive emotion inventories assessing the range and intensity of positive feelings. | The WHO-5 is a 5-item screening instrument measuring current well-being over the past two weeks. Developed by the World Health Organization in 1998, it assesses positive mental health states and is widely used in both research and clinical practice to identify individuals at risk for depression. Its brevity, validity, and cross-cultural acceptance make it a standard tool in primary care and epidemiological surveys worldwide. |
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