Linganisha mbinu

	Usimbaji wa Mhimili (Axial Coding)	Uchanganuzi wa Wigo
Nyanja	Mbinu za Kimaelezo	Utafiti wa Kimaelezo
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1990	1989 (Fairclough); 1987 (Potter & Wetherell)
Mwanzilishi	Anselm Strauss and Juliet Corbin	Norman Fairclough; Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell
Aina	Qualitative research method	Method
Chanzo asilia	Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques. Sage. ISBN: 978-0803932456	Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman.
Majina mbadala	axial analysis, relational coding, category development coding, second-level coding	DA, Critical Discourse Analysis, Discursive Analysis
Zinazohusiana	6	2
Muhtasari	Axial coding is the second major analytical step in grounded theory analysis, performed after open coding. Introduced by Anselm Strauss and Juliet Corbin in 1990, it involves systematically re-examining and reorganising the many discrete codes generated during open coding by identifying a central (axial) category and mapping the causal conditions, contextual factors, intervening conditions, action-interaction strategies, and consequences that surround it. The goal is to move from a fragmented list of codes to a coherent relational structure that reflects how concepts interconnect in the data.	Discourse analysis is a qualitative research methodology that examines how language, communication, and power shape meaning, identity, and social reality. Developed across linguistics, sociology, and psychology (particularly by Norman Fairclough and Jonathan Potter), discourse analysis goes beyond content to analyze language use as a social practice that constitutes and reflects power relations, ideologies, and social structures.