Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Skeli ya Uongozi Halisi× | Kiwango cha Uongozi wa Kimaadili× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Tabia ya Shirika | Tabia ya Shirika |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 2008 | 2005 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Walumbwa, Avolio, Gardner, Wernsing, and Peterson | Brown, Treviño, and Harrison |
| Aina | Self-report scale | Self-report scale |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Walumbwa, F. O., Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., Wernsing, T. S., & Peterson, S. J. (2008). Authentic leadership: Development and validation of a theory-based measure. Journal of Management, 34(1), 89-126. DOI ↗ | Brown, M. E., Treviño, L. K., & Harrison, D. A. (2005). Ethical leadership: A social learning perspective for construct development and testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97(2), 117-134. DOI ↗ |
| Majina mbadala | Walumbwa ALS | Brown ELS |
| Zinazohusiana | 4 | 4 |
| Muhtasari≠ | The Authentic Leadership Scale (ALS) is a 16-item instrument measuring four dimensions of authentic leadership: self-awareness, relational transparency, balanced processing, and internalized moral perspective. Developed by Walumbwa, Avolio, and colleagues in 2008, the ALS assesses leadership grounded in self-knowledge and ethical conviction. | The Ethical Leadership Scale (ELS) is a 10-item instrument measuring the degree to which leaders model ethical behavior and hold followers accountable to ethical standards. Developed by Brown, Treviño, and Harrison in 2005, the ELS operationalizes ethical leadership, assessing leader conduct and norm-setting that shape organizational ethics. |
| ScholarGateSeti ya data ↗ |
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