Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| ATR-FTIR× | Mchana wa Mviringo× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Spektroskopia | Spektroskopia |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1961 | 1969 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Joop Fahrenfort | Jean-Claude Fasman |
| Aina≠ | Vibrational spectroscopy technique | Spectroscopic method |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Harrick, N. J. (1960). Study of physics of internal reflection from metals. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 13(2), 143-155. link ↗ | Greenfield, N. J., & Fasman, G. D. (1969). Computed circular dichroism spectra for protein secondary structures. Biochemistry, 8(10), 4108-4116. DOI ↗ |
| Majina mbadala | ATR-IR, attenuated total reflectance, FTIR spectroscopy | CD spectroscopy, circular dichroism, CD analysis |
| Zinazohusiana | 3 | 3 |
| Muhtasari≠ | Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is a variant of conventional FTIR that measures infrared absorption through evanescent-wave interrogation of samples in direct contact with a high-refractive-index crystal. Developed by Harrick and Fahrenfort in the 1960s, ATR-FTIR is now the dominant form of FTIR spectroscopy, enabling rapid, non-destructive characterization of organic compounds, polymers, coatings, and biological materials without extensive sample preparation. | Circular Dichroism (CD) spectroscopy measures the differential absorption of left- and right-circularly polarized light by optically active molecules, particularly proteins and nucleic acids. Introduced by Greenfield and Fasman in 1969, CD is a rapid, non-destructive technique for characterizing secondary structure (alpha-helix, beta-sheet), monitoring protein folding transitions, and assessing conformational changes in response to pH, temperature, or ligand binding. |
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