Linganisha mbinu

	ARFIMA: Muundo wa Mfumo wa ARMA wenye Viwango vya Nusu	Regresheni ya Logistiki	Urejeshaji wa Njia ya Viwango Vidogo vya Kawaida (OLS)
Nyanja	Ekonometriki	Takwimu za Utafiti	Ekonometriki
Familia	Regression model	Process / pipeline	Regression model
Mwaka wa asili	1980	1958	2019
Mwanzilishi	Granger & Joyeux (1980); Hosking (1981)	David Roxbee Cox	Wooldridge (textbook treatment); classical least squares
Aina	Long-memory time series model	Method	Linear regression
Chanzo asilia	Granger, C. W. J. & Joyeux, R. (1980). An Introduction to Long-Memory Time Series Models and Fractional Differencing. Journal of Time Series Analysis, 1(1), 15–29.	Cox, D. R. (1958). The regression analysis of binary sequences. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B, 20(2), 215–242.	Wooldridge, J. M. (2019). Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach (7th ed.). Cengage Learning. ISBN: 978-1337558860
Majina mbadala	fractionally integrated ARMA, long-memory time series model, ARFIMA / FIGARCH, fractional differencing model	logit model, binomial logistic regression, LR	ordinary least squares, classical linear regression, linear regression, en küçük kareler regresyonu
Zinazohusiana	5	3	5
Muhtasari	ARFIMA is a time series model that captures long-memory behaviour using a fractional differencing parameter d, generalising the integer differencing of ARIMA. It was introduced by Granger and Joyeux (1980) and formalised by Hosking (1981) to describe series whose autocorrelations decay slowly rather than abruptly.	Logistic regression is a statistical method for modeling the probability of a binary outcome (disease present/absent, success/failure) as a function of continuous and categorical predictors. Developed by David Roxbee Cox (1958), it solves the problem of predicting categorical outcomes by applying a logistic transformation to constrain predictions to the [0,1] probability interval, enabling accurate risk stratification, diagnostic prediction, and causal inference in epidemiology, medicine, and social science.	Ordinary Least Squares is the classical linear regression method that explains a continuous outcome as a linear combination of predictors. It estimates the coefficients by minimising the sum of squared residuals, and under the Gauss-Markov assumptions these estimates are the best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE).