Linganisha mbinu

	Mchanganuo wa Tofauti wa Mabadiliko ya Nafasi Zilizopangiliwa (ART-ANOVA)	Kipimo cha Friedman
Nyanja	Takwimu	Takwimu
Familia	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
Mwaka wa asili	2011	1937
Mwanzilishi	Wobbrock, Findlater, Gergle & Higgins	Milton Friedman
Aina	Nonparametric factorial hypothesis test	Nonparametric repeated-measures comparison (by ranks)
Chanzo asilia	Wobbrock, J. O., Findlater, L., Gergle, D., & Higgins, J. J. (2011). The aligned rank transform for nonparametric factorial analyses using only ANOVA procedures. Proceedings of the ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI 2011), 143–146.	Friedman, M. (1937). The use of ranks to avoid the assumption of normality implicit in the analysis of variance. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 32(200), 675–701.
Majina mbadala	ART-ANOVA, aligned ranks ANOVA, nonparametric factorial ANOVA, Hizalanmış Sıra Dönüşümü ANOVA (ART-ANOVA)	Friedman two-way analysis of variance by ranks, Friedman rank test, Friedman Testi
Zinazohusiana	7	2
Muhtasari	The Aligned Rank Transform ANOVA (ART-ANOVA) is a nonparametric factorial hypothesis test that detects main effects and interactions in designs with two or more independent variables, without requiring normality. The procedure was formalized by Wobbrock, Findlater, Gergle, and Higgins in their 2011 CHI paper and operates by separately aligning each effect before ranking, so that standard ANOVA machinery can be applied to nonparametric data.	The Friedman test is a nonparametric hypothesis test that compares three or more related conditions measured on the same blocks or subjects, serving as the rank-based alternative to repeated-measures ANOVA. It was introduced by Milton Friedman in 1937 and works on ordinal or continuous data without assuming normality.