Linganisha mbinu

	Nambari ya Alamouti	Uhamilishaji wa Mgawanyo wa Marudio wa Orthogonal (OFDM)	Nadharia ya Uwezo wa Idhaa ya Shannon
Nyanja	Mawasiliano ya Simu	Mawasiliano ya Simu	Mawasiliano ya Simu
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1998	1971	1948
Mwanzilishi	Siavash Alamouti	Weinstein and Ebert	Claude Shannon
Aina	space-time coding scheme	multicarrier modulation scheme	fundamental theoretical bound
Chanzo asilia	Alamouti, S. M. (1998). A simple transmit diversity technique for wireless communications. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 16(8), 1451-1458.	Weinstein, S. B., & Ebert, P. M. (1971). Data transmission by frequency-division multiplexing using the discrete Fourier transform. IEEE Transactions on Communication Technology, 19(5), 628-634.	Shannon, C. E. (1948). A mathematical theory of communication. Bell System Technical Journal, 27(3), 379-423.
Majina mbadala	space-time coding, transmit diversity	multicarrier modulation	channel capacity, information theory bound
Zinazohusiana	5	5	5
Muhtasari	The Alamouti code is an elegant space-time coding scheme that provides full transmit diversity using two antennas and a simple linear receiver. Introduced by Siavash Alamouti in 1998, it requires no channel state information at the transmitter, achieves the same bit-error rate as a single-antenna system with receiver diversity, and uses linear processing for decoding. The Alamouti code has become the de facto standard for transmit diversity in cellular systems and is adopted in LTE, WiFi, and many 5G protocols.	OFDM is a multicarrier modulation technique that divides a wideband channel into many narrowband orthogonal subcarriers. Introduced by Weinstein and Ebert in 1971, it exploits the duality between time and frequency domains to efficiently use spectrum while mitigating intersymbol interference in frequency-selective channels. OFDM is now the standard for high-speed wireless systems including WiFi, cellular LTE, and digital broadcasting.	Shannon's channel capacity theorem, published in 1948, establishes the maximum rate at which information can be reliably transmitted over a noisy channel. Expressed as C = B log2(1 + S/N) for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), it is a fundamental bound in information theory and communications engineering. Shannon proved that reliable communication is possible at any rate below capacity, and impossible above it. This theorem underpins the design of all modern communication systems and motivates coding theory, modulation, and signal processing techniques.