Linganisha mbinu

	Muundo Unaobadilika wa Jaribio la Kliniki	Uchambuzi wa Nguvu
Nyanja	Muundo wa Majaribio	Takwimu
Familia	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
Mwaka wa asili	1994	1969 (1st ed.); 1988 (seminal 2nd ed.)
Mwanzilishi	Bauer & Köhne	Jacob Cohen
Aina	Adaptive hypothesis test with interim analyses	Sample size and power planning
Chanzo asilia	Bauer, P. & Köhne, K. (1994). Evaluation of Experiments with Adaptive Interim Analyses. Biometrics, 50(4), 1029–1041.	Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805802832
Majina mbadala	adaptive design, group sequential design, sample size re-estimation, platform trial	sample size calculation, power calculation, sensitivity analysis, a priori power analysis
Zinazohusiana	3	5
Muhtasari	Adaptive clinical trial design is a flexible experimental framework, formalised by Bauer and Köhne in 1994, in which pre-specified rules allow the trial to be modified mid-course — adjusting sample size, treatment arms, or randomisation ratios — based on accumulating interim data while rigorously controlling the Type I error rate.	Power analysis is a planning and evaluation technique that quantifies the probability of detecting a real effect of a given magnitude at a chosen significance level. It links four quantities — sample size, effect size, significance level (alpha), and statistical power (1 minus beta) — so that researchers can determine the sample size needed before data collection or evaluate the sensitivity of a completed study.