Linganisha mbinu

	Udhibiti wa Kukataa kwa Shida Zinazotumika	Udhibiti Sanifu
Nyanja	Nadharia ya Udhibiti	Nadharia ya Udhibiti
Familia	Machine learning	Machine learning
Mwaka wa asili	2009	1983
Mwanzilishi	Jingquan Han	Karl J. Astrom
Aina	algorithm	algorithm
Chanzo asilia	Han, J. (2009). From PID to active disturbance rejection control. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 56(3), 900-906.	Astrom, K. J., & Wittenmark, B. (1983). Computer-Controlled Systems: Theory and Design. Prentice Hall.
Majina mbadala	ADRC, Disturbance Rejection Control	Self-Tuning Control, Parameter Estimation Control
Zinazohusiana	2	3
Muhtasari	Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) is a control method that estimates and cancels disturbances and model uncertainties in real-time using an extended state observer (ESO), treating them as additional 'disturbance states'. Developed by Han and popularized by Gao, ADRC achieves remarkable robustness without requiring precise plant models, making it practical for real-world systems with significant uncertainty and disturbances.	Adaptive Control is a control strategy that adjusts controller parameters in real-time based on online system identification to maintain performance despite changing plant dynamics or uncertain parameters. Pioneered by Astrom and Wittenmark, adaptive control enables robust operation in time-varying environments, from aircraft with fuel depletion to industrial systems with aging components.