Linganisha mbinu

	Skala Uwezo wa Kunyonya Maarifa	Dynamic Capabilities Scale
Nyanja	Usimamizi wa Kimkakati	Usimamizi wa Kimkakati
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2002	2007
Mwanzilishi	Shaker Zahra and Gerard George	David J. Teece
Aina	Organizational self-report questionnaire	Organizational self-report questionnaire
Chanzo asilia	Zahra, S. A., & George, G. (2002). Absorptive capacity: A review, reconceptualization, and extension. Academy of Management Review, 27(2), 185–203.	Teece, D. J. (2007). Explicating dynamic capabilities: The nature and microfoundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance. Strategic Management Journal, 28(13), 1319–1350.
Majina mbadala	ACAP, Zahra-George Scale	DCV, Teece Dynamic Capabilities
Zinazohusiana	5	5
Muhtasari	Absorptive Capacity (ACAP) refers to an organization's ability to acquire, assimilate, transform, and exploit external knowledge to enhance innovation and performance. Zahra and George (2002) reconceptualized absorptive capacity into four distinct but interrelated processes in their foundational Academy of Management Review article. This measurement scale captures organizational learning dynamics and knowledge-based competitive advantage, making it essential for assessing innovation capability and knowledge management effectiveness.	Dynamic Capabilities (DC) represent an organization's capacity to sense new opportunities and threats, seize those opportunities through strategic investments and organizational changes, and reconfigure assets and organizational structures to adapt to shifting competitive environments. Teece (2007) articulated this framework in the Strategic Management Journal, arguing that dynamic capabilities—not static resources—explain sustained competitive advantage in turbulent, knowledge-intensive markets. This scale operationalizes the three core processes underlying DC: sensing market and technology changes, making swift strategic decisions, and reorganizing the firm to exploit new opportunities.