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| Travel Motivation Scale× | Destination Image Scale× | |
|---|---|---|
| Ämnesområde | Turismledning | Turismledning |
| Familj | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Ursprungsår≠ | 1979 | 1991 |
| Upphovsperson≠ | Crompton, J. L.; Iso-Ahola, S. E. | Echtner, C. M., & Ritchie, J. R. B. |
| Typ≠ | Self-report questionnaire | Self-report questionnaire / Semantic differential scale |
| Ursprungskälla≠ | Plog, S. C. (1974). Why destination areas rise and fall in popularity. The Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 14(4), 55-58. DOI ↗ | Baloglu, S., & Brinberg, D. (1997). Affective images of tourism destinations. Journal of Travel Research, 35(4), 11-15. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | TMS, Tourism Motivation Scale | DIS, Destination Perception Scale |
| Närliggande | 5 | 5 |
| Sammanfattning≠ | The Travel Motivation Scale (TMS) measures the underlying reasons and psychological drivers that prompt individuals to take vacations and choose specific destinations. Developed by Crompton (1979) and Iso-Ahola (1982), and theoretically grounded in push–pull motivation theory, the TMS operationalizes intrinsic motivations (escape from routine, self-discovery, social connection) and destination-specific attractions (beaches, cultural sites, activities). Understanding travel motivation is central to destination positioning, experience design, and visitor segmentation, as different motivational profiles require different marketing messages and service configurations. | The Destination Image Scale (DIS) measures how potential or actual visitors perceive and emotionally evaluate a tourism destination. Developed by Echtner & Ritchie (1991) and extended by Baloglu & Brinberg (1997), it captures both rational beliefs about destination attributes (attractions, climate, value, safety) and affective emotional responses (excitement, pleasantness, arousal). Destination image is a primary driver of visitation intention and repeat patronage, making the DIS essential for destination marketing strategy and competitive positioning. |
| ScholarGateDatamängd ↗ |
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