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	Shapley-värde	Top Trading Cycles
Ämnesområde	Spelteori	Spelteori
Familj	Machine learning	Machine learning
Ursprungsår	1953	1974
Upphovsperson	Lloyd Shapley	Lloyd Shapley, Herbert Scarf
Typ	algorithm	algorithm
Ursprungskälla	Shapley, L. S. (1953). A value for n-person games. In H. W. Kuhn & A. W. Tucker (Eds.), Contributions to the Theory of Games II (pp. 307-317). Princeton University Press.	Shapley, L. S., & Scarf, H. (1974). On cores and indivisibility. Journal of Mathematical Economics, 1(1), 23-37.
Alias	Fair Division, Cooperative Game Solution, Dividend Vector	TTC, Shapley-Scarf Algorithm, Efficient Exchange
Närliggande	4	4
Sammanfattning	The Shapley Value is a solution concept for coalition games that distributes total payoff fairly among players based on their marginal contributions to coalitions. Introduced by Lloyd Shapley in 1953, the Shapley Value is the unique payoff distribution that satisfies four intuitive axioms: efficiency (total payoff is distributed), symmetry (identical players receive equal payoff), null player (players contributing nothing receive nothing), and additivity across games.	Top Trading Cycles (TTC) is an algorithm for allocating indivisible goods to agents such that the allocation is Pareto efficient and individually rational. Developed by Lloyd Shapley and Herbert Scarf in 1974, the algorithm identifies cycles of trades in a preference digraph, executes those trades, and iteratively repeats until no further trades are beneficial. TTC is widely used in kidney exchange and housing allocation due to its efficiency and implementation simplicity.