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	Positional Analysis	Structural Equivalence	Triad Census
Ämnesområde	Sociology	Sociology	Sociology
Familj	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Ursprungsår	1976	1971	1970
Upphovsperson	Harrison White, Ronald Burt, and colleagues	François Lorrain & Harrison White	Paul Holland & Samuel Leinhardt
Typ	Framework for identifying network positions and the roles among them	Equivalence relation grouping actors with identical tie patterns	Enumeration of the 16 isomorphism classes of directed triads
Ursprungskälla	Burt, R. S. (1976). Positions in networks. Social Forces, 55(1), 93–122.	Lorrain, F., & White, H. C. (1971). Structural equivalence of individuals in social networks. The Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 1(1), 49–80.	Holland, P. W., & Leinhardt, S. (1970). A method for detecting structure in sociometric data. American Journal of Sociology, 76(3), 492–513.
Alias	role analysis, positional role analysis, network role and position analysis, regular equivalence analysis	structural equivalence analysis, positional equivalence, Euclidean equivalence of actors, equivalence classes	triad count, triadic census, 16-type triad census, MAN triad census
Närliggande	5	5	4
Sammanfattning	Positional analysis is the network-analytic program that identifies the positions actors occupy — sets of actors equivalent in their relational patterns — and characterizes the system of roles that links those positions. Growing out of Harrison White's structuralism and Ronald Burt's operationalization in the 1970s, it treats the social structure as a small set of positions and the role relations among them, rather than as a collection of individual actors.	Structural equivalence identifies actors who occupy the same position in a network because they have identical ties to identical others. Defined by François Lorrain and Harrison White in 1971, it formalizes the idea that two people are interchangeable in the social structure when they relate to exactly the same set of third parties, and it provides the foundation for partitioning networks into positions and building blockmodels.	The triad census counts how many of a directed network's three-actor subgroups fall into each of the 16 possible types of triad, providing a compact fingerprint of the network's local structure. Introduced by Paul Holland and Samuel Leinhardt in 1970, it is the standard way to test structural theories — balance, clustering, transitivity, ranked clusters — by comparing the observed distribution of triad types against what a random network would produce.