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| Differential Item Functioning (DIF)× | Raschmodell× | |
|---|---|---|
| Ämnesområde | Psykometri | Psykometri |
| Familj | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| Ursprungsår≠ | 1970s–1993 | 1960 |
| Upphovsperson≠ | William H. Angoff and colleagues (ETS); systematized by Holland & Wainer | Georg Rasch |
| Typ≠ | Item-level bias detection | Item Response Theory / Latent trait model |
| Ursprungskälla≠ | Holland, P. W. & Wainer, H. (Eds.) (1993). Differential Item Functioning. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805809589 | Rasch, G. (1960). Probabilistic Models for Some Intelligence and Attainment Tests. Danish Institute for Educational Research, Copenhagen. link ↗ |
| Alias | DIF, item bias analysis, measurement non-equivalence, item-level measurement bias | 1PL IRT, one-parameter logistic model, Rasch Modeli — 1PL IRT, 1PL model |
| Närliggande≠ | 5 | 6 |
| Sammanfattning≠ | Differential item functioning identifies test or survey items that behave differently for examinees from different groups — such as gender, ethnicity, or language background — after controlling for the underlying ability or trait being measured. DIF analysis is essential for fairness evaluation in educational testing and psychological scale development. | The Rasch model, introduced by Georg Rasch in 1960, is the simplest member of the Item Response Theory (IRT) family. It assigns a single difficulty parameter to each test item and places both item difficulties and person abilities on the same logit scale, enabling direct, sample-independent comparison of items and persons. |
| ScholarGateDatamängd ↗ |
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