Krahasoni metodat

	Model AR me Ndërprerje Strukturore	Testi i zgjatur Dickey-Fuller (ADF) për Rrënjë Njësore
Fusha	Ekonometri	Ekonometri
Familja	Regression model	Regression model
Viti i origjinës	1989-2003	1979–1984
Krijuesi	Perron (1989); Bai & Perron (1998, 2003)	Said & Dickey (1984); building on Dickey & Fuller (1979)
Lloji	Time-series model with structural change	Hypothesis test (unit root)
Burimi themelues	Bai, J., & Perron, P. (2003). Computation and analysis of multiple structural change models. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 18(1), 1-22.	Said, S. E., & Dickey, D. A. (1984). Testing for unit roots in autoregressive-moving average models of unknown order. Biometrika, 71(3), 599–607.
Emërtime të tjera	AR model with structural change, breakpoint AR model, piecewise autoregressive model, AR model with regime shifts	ADF test, ADF unit root test, Dickey-Fuller test (augmented), Said-Dickey test
Të lidhura	6	5
Përmbledhja	The structural break AR model extends the standard autoregressive framework by allowing the intercept and autoregressive coefficients to shift at one or more unknown break dates. Each regime between consecutive break points is governed by its own AR parameters, capturing abrupt changes in the dynamics of a time series caused by crises, policy shifts, or other shocks.	The Augmented Dickey-Fuller test is the standard procedure for determining whether a univariate time series contains a unit root — that is, whether the series is non-stationary. It extends the original Dickey-Fuller test by including lagged difference terms that absorb serial correlation in the residuals, making the test valid for a wide range of time-series processes encountered in economics and finance.