Krahasoni metodat

	Test i Fortë i Shkakësisë Granger	Modeli i Autoregresionit Vektorial (VAR)
Fusha	Ekonometri	Ekonometri
Familja	Regression model	Regression model
Viti i origjinës	2006 (robust variant); 1969 (original Granger)	2005
Krijuesi	Hacker & Hatemi-J (robust bootstrap variant); Granger (original causality concept)	Lütkepohl (textbook treatment); Sims (1980) macroeconometric tradition
Lloji	Hypothesis test	Multivariate time-series model
Burimi themelues	Hacker, R. S., & Hatemi-J, A. (2006). Tests for causality between integrated variables using asymptotic and bootstrap distributions: Theory and application. Applied Economics, 38(13), 1489–1500.	Lütkepohl, H. (2005). New Introduction to Multiple Time Series Analysis. Springer.
Emërtime të tjera	bootstrap Granger causality, heteroscedasticity-robust Granger causality, non-asymptotic Granger causality test, RGC	vector autoregression, VAR, VAR Modeli (Vektör Otoregresyon), vektör otoregresyon
Të lidhura	4	4
Përmbledhja	Robust Granger causality extends the classic Granger causality framework by using bootstrap-based or heteroscedasticity-robust critical values rather than asymptotic chi-squared tables. This makes the test reliable in finite samples and when the data exhibit non-normality, heteroscedasticity, or near-integration, settings where the standard F- or Wald-based test is known to over-reject.	Vector Autoregression is a multivariate time-series model that treats several interdependent series symmetrically, letting each variable depend on its own past values and the past values of all the others. It is the standard tool for capturing mutual causality and joint dynamics, developed in the modern multiple-time-series tradition treated by Lütkepohl (2005).