Porovnať metódy
Prezrite si vybrané metódy vedľa seba; riadky, ktoré sa líšia, sú zvýraznené.
| Ex Post Facto Dizajn× | Deskriptívny výskum× | |
|---|---|---|
| Odbor | Dizajn výskumu | Dizajn výskumu |
| Rodina | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Rok vzniku≠ | 1960s (systematic codification); concept used in social science from early 20th century | Late 19th century; formalized in social/behavioral sciences ~1960s–1980s |
| Tvorca≠ | Formalized by Fred N. Kerlinger; foundational treatment by Donald T. Campbell and Julian C. Stanley | Francis Galton, Karl Pearson (early empirical tradition); formalized in social science by Fred Kerlinger |
| Typ | Non-experimental quantitative research design | Non-experimental quantitative research design |
| Pôvodný zdroj≠ | Kerlinger, F. N. (1964). Foundations of Behavioral Research. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. link ↗ | Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (4th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1452226101 |
| Ďalšie názvy | after-the-fact research, retrospective non-experimental design, causal-comparative design, EPF design | descriptive study, descriptive survey design, observational descriptive research, non-experimental descriptive research |
| Príbuzné | 3 | 3 |
| Zhrnutie≠ | Ex post facto design is a non-experimental quantitative research approach in which the researcher investigates a phenomenon after it has already occurred, examining pre-existing differences between groups to explore potential causal or associative relationships. Because the independent variable cannot be manipulated — it happened in the past — the design relies on careful group selection, retrospective data collection, and statistical controls to approximate causal inference without experimental intervention. | Descriptive research is a non-experimental quantitative design that systematically documents the characteristics, frequencies, or distributions of variables in a defined population at a given point in time. It answers 'what is' questions — who, what, when, where, and how much — without manipulating variables or drawing causal conclusions. It is one of the most widely used research designs across the social, behavioral, health, and education sciences. |
| ScholarGateDátová sada ↗ |
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