Compară metode

	Robust Geary's C	Autocorelația spațială
Domeniu	Analiză spațială	Analiză spațială
Familie	Regression model	Regression model
Anul apariției	1954 (base); robust variants: 1990s–2000s	1950
Autorul original	Geary (1954); robust extensions by Anselin and spatial statisticians	P. A. P. Moran (global measure, 1950); Roy Geary (Geary's C, 1954); Luc Anselin (LISA, 1995)
Tip	Robust spatial autocorrelation statistic	Spatial statistic / exploratory spatial data analysis
Sursa seminală	Geary, R. C. (1954). The contiguity ratio and statistical mapping. The Incorporated Statistician, 5(3), 115–145.	Moran, P. A. P. (1950). Notes on continuous stochastic phenomena. Biometrika, 37(1/2), 17–23.
Denumiri alternative	robust Geary contiguity ratio, outlier-resistant Geary's C, robust spatial contiguity statistic, robust Geary C	spatial dependence, geographic autocorrelation, spatial clustering measure, SA
Înrudite	6	5
Rezumat	Robust Geary's C adapts the classical Geary contiguity ratio — a measure of spatial autocorrelation based on pairwise squared differences between neighbouring locations — to resist distortion by spatial outliers and influential observations. It retains the local sensitivity of Geary's C while producing more reliable inferences when the spatial data contain extreme values or non-normal distributions.	Spatial autocorrelation quantifies the degree to which a variable's values at nearby locations resemble each other more (positive autocorrelation) or less (negative autocorrelation) than expected by chance. Global indices such as Moran's I summarise the pattern across the entire study area, while local variants reveal clusters and outliers at the level of individual observations.