Compară metode

	Oaxaca-Blinder Health Decomposition	Concentration Index
Domeniu	Social Epidemiology	Social Epidemiology
Familie	Regression model	Process / pipeline
Anul apariției	1973	1991
Autorul original	Ronald Oaxaca; Alan Blinder (health extension popularized by Fairlie and others)	Adam Wagstaff, Pierfilippo Paci & Eddy van Doorslaer; Nanak Kakwani
Tip	Regression-based decomposition of a between-group mean gap in a health outcome	Rank-based summary index of socioeconomic inequality in health
Sursa seminală	Oaxaca, R. (1973). Male-Female Wage Differentials in Urban Labor Markets. International Economic Review, 14(3), 693-709.	Wagstaff, A., Paci, P., & van Doorslaer, E. (1991). On the measurement of inequalities in health. Social Science & Medicine, 33(5), 545-557.
Denumiri alternative	Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition for Health Inequalities, Threefold Decomposition of Health Disparities, Detailed Decomposition of Health Gaps, Nonlinear Oaxaca-Blinder for Binary Health Outcomes	Health Concentration Index, Concentration Curve and Index, Wagstaff Concentration Index, Erreygers Corrected Concentration Index
Înrudite	4	4
Rezumat	The Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition partitions the mean difference in a health outcome between two groups into a portion explained by differences in their measured characteristics and a residual, unexplained portion attributed to differences in how those characteristics translate into health. Developed independently by Ronald Oaxaca (1973) and Alan Blinder (1973) to study labor-market wage gaps, the method was imported into social epidemiology to quantify, for example, how much of a Black-White, urban-rural, or rich-poor gap in self-rated health, BMI, hypertension, or mortality is accounted for by differences in socioeconomic exposures versus differences in returns to those exposures. Group-specific regressions are estimated, the gap in fitted means is written as a function of mean covariates and coefficients, and that gap is algebraically split into an explained (composition) component and an unexplained (coefficient) component, each of which can be further decomposed variable by variable.	The concentration index is the standard summary measure of socioeconomic inequality in health: it quantifies the degree to which a health outcome - illness, mortality, malnutrition, or healthcare use - is disproportionately concentrated among the poor or the rich. It is built from the concentration curve, which plots the cumulative share of health against the cumulative share of the population ranked from poorest to richest, and the index is simply twice the area between that curve and the line of perfect equality. Wagstaff, Paci, and van Doorslaer's 1991 critique of inequality measures argued that, unlike the simple range or the Gini, the concentration index properly reflects the socioeconomic dimension of health inequality and the experience of the whole distribution. Kakwani, Wagstaff, and van Doorslaer's 1997 paper then supplied a computational formula, a convenient regression estimator, and the asymptotic variance needed for statistical inference. The index ranges from minus one to plus one, with zero meaning no socioeconomic gradient, a negative value meaning ill health concentrates among the poor, and a positive value the reverse. It has become the lingua franca of health-equity monitoring at agencies like the World Bank and WHO.