Compară metode

	Migration Aspirations-Capabilities Survey	Migration Transition Analysis
Domeniu	Migration Studies	Migration Studies
Familie	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Anul apariției	2002	1971
Autorul original	Jorgen Carling; Hein de Haas	Wilbur Zelinsky
Tip	Survey-measurement pipeline for migration aspiration and ability	Developmental staging framework linking modernization to mobility regimes
Sursa seminală	de Haas, H. (2021). A Theory of Migration: The Aspirations-Capabilities Framework. Comparative Migration Studies, 9, 8.	Zelinsky, W. (1971). The Hypothesis of the Mobility Transition. Geographical Review, 61(2), 219-249.
Denumiri alternative	Aspiration-Ability Migration Survey, Aspiration-Capability Framework Measurement, Involuntary Immobility Survey, Migration Aspiration and Ability Typology	Mobility Transition Analysis, Zelinsky Hypothesis Staging, Mobility Transition Hypothesis, Migration Phase Analysis
Înrudite	3	3
Rezumat	The migration aspirations-capabilities survey measures two distinct things that migration research had long run together: whether a person wants to migrate and whether they are able to. Jorgen Carling's 2002 study of Cape Verde introduced the crucial insight that wanting to leave and being able to leave are separate, and that their mismatch produces 'involuntary immobility' — the large and often overlooked population that aspires to move but cannot. Hein de Haas's 2021 aspirations-capabilities framework generalized this into a broad theory of migration grounded in Amartya Sen's idea of capabilities as substantive freedoms. The measurement strategy asks respondents about their aspiration to migrate and, separately, their perceived capability to do so, then cross-classifies the two into a two-by-two typology: voluntary mobility, involuntary immobility, voluntary immobility, and acquiescent or trapped immobility. This simple cross-tabulation reframes migration as one outcome of the interaction between freedom and constraint, putting non-migration and trapped populations on the analytic map alongside actual movers. The survey thereby measures not just who moves but who wishes to and the gap between desire and possibility.	Migration transition analysis applies Wilbur Zelinsky's 1971 hypothesis of the mobility transition, which holds that there are definite, patterned regularities in the growth of personal mobility through space and time and that these regularities are a basic component of the modernization process. Just as the demographic transition links falling birth and death rates to development, Zelinsky argued that societies pass through ordered phases — from a premodern traditional society with little movement, through early and late transitional phases marked by massive rural-to-urban and frontier and emigration flows, to advanced and superadvanced societies dominated by inter-urban and circular movement rather than permanent relocation. Each phase carries a characteristic mix of mobility types, so a society's stage can be read from the balance of rural-urban, frontier, international, and circular movement it exhibits. Massey and colleagues' 1993 review placed Zelinsky's framework among the macro-level accounts that connect migration to the structural transformation of economies. The analysis stages countries by their mobility profile and traces how that profile shifts as development proceeds, including the well-known migration hump in which emigration first rises and then falls with income. It supplies a developmental scaffolding for comparative migration research.