Compară metode

	Cristalinitatea celulozei	Retracția lemnului	Densitometrie cu raze X
Domeniu	Silvicultură	Silvicultură	Silvicultură
Familie	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Anul apariției	1959	1950	2005
Autorul original	Leonard Segal	Carl Skaar	Gabriel Gazo
Tip	structural analysis	moisture response test	measurement method
Sursa seminală	Segal, L., Creely, J. J., Martin, A. E., & Conrad, C. M. (1959). An empirical method for estimating the degree of crystallinity of native cellulose using the X-ray diffractometer. Textile Research Journal, 29(10), 786–794.	ASTM D143-19. (2019). Standard test methods for small clear specimens of timber. ASTM International.	Hansmann, C., Wimmer, R., & Gindl, W. (2007). Assessing damage in wood-polymer composites by depth-sensing indentation. Composites Part A, 38(6), 1502–1508.
Denumiri alternative	cellulose structure, crystalline index	dimensional change, anisotropic shrinkage	wood density, radiography
Înrudite	3	2	3
Rezumat	Cellulose crystallinity refers to the degree of structural order in cellulose molecules: highly crystalline cellulose has organized, tightly packed chains; amorphous cellulose has disordered chains. Measured using X-ray diffraction, cellulose crystallinity influences wood strength, stiffness, and digestibility in pulping and enzymatic processes. Higher crystallinity correlates with greater strength and lower chemical reactivity.	Wood shrinkage is the dimensional change that occurs as wood loses moisture from green (freshly felled) to oven-dry condition. Wood shrinks anisotropically: tangentially (along growth rings) more than radially (from center to edge), and both more than longitudinally (along the grain). Measuring shrinkage percentages is essential for understanding wood drying behavior, predicting checking and warping, and selecting materials for applications sensitive to dimensional change (flooring, cabinetry, musical instruments).	X-ray densitometry is a nondestructive method for measuring wood density, microdensity profiles, and ring-by-ring density variation in wood samples using X-ray image analysis. The method uses attenuation of X-rays passing through wood to quantify mass per unit volume. It enables rapid assessment of wood quality without destroying material, making it valuable for research, timber grading, and genetic selection programs.