Comparar métodos
Examine os métodos selecionados lado a lado; as linhas que diferem ficam destacadas.
| Variáveis Instrumentais para Dados em Painel (IV em Painel / 2SLS)× | Modelo de Efeitos Fixos para Dados em Painel× | |
|---|---|---|
| Área≠ | Inferência causal | Econometria |
| Família | Regression model | Regression model |
| Ano de origem≠ | 1978-1991 | 2014 |
| Autor original≠ | Hausman (1978); Anderson & Hsiao (1982); Arellano & Bond (1991) | Hsiao (textbook treatment); within transformation of panel data |
| Tipo≠ | Causal inference / panel regression | Panel data regression |
| Fonte seminal≠ | Arellano, M., & Bond, S. (1991). Some tests of specification for panel data: Monte Carlo evidence and an application to employment equations. Review of Economic Studies, 58(2), 277-297. DOI ↗ | Hsiao, C. (2014). Analysis of Panel Data (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. DOI ↗ |
| Outros nomes | Panel IV, Panel 2SLS, Within-IV, Fixed-Effects IV | fixed effects model, within estimator, panel fixed-effects regression, Panel Veri — Sabit Etkiler Modeli |
| Relacionados≠ | 4 | 5 |
| Resumo≠ | Panel data instrumental variables combines the bias-correcting power of instrumental variables (IV) with the within-unit variation exploited by panel data methods. It addresses endogeneity — omitted variables, reverse causation, or measurement error — in longitudinal settings where observations are repeated across units and time. Seminal contributions come from Hausman (1978) on specification testing and Arellano and Bond (1991) on GMM-based panel IV. | The Panel Data Fixed Effects model estimates relationships from panel data (the same units observed over several time periods) while controlling for unit- and/or time-specific effects, supporting causal inference. It is developed as the within estimator in standard treatments such as Hsiao's Analysis of Panel Data (2014). |
| ScholarGateConjunto de dados ↗ |
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