Comparar métodos

	NOMINATE	Ideal Point Estimation
Área	Political Science	Political Science
Família	Latent structure	Latent structure
Ano de origem	1985	2004
Autor original	Keith T. Poole and Howard Rosenthal	Clinton, Jackman & Rivers (Bayesian formulation); Poole & Rosenthal (spatial tradition)
Tipo	Spatial scaling model of roll-call voting	Latent-variable spatial model of binary choice data
Fonte seminal	Poole, K. T., & Rosenthal, H. (1985). A Spatial Model for Legislative Roll Call Analysis. American Journal of Political Science, 29(2), 357–384.	Clinton, J., Jackman, S., & Rivers, D. (2004). The Statistical Analysis of Roll Call Data. American Political Science Review, 98(2), 355–370.
Outros nomes	DW-NOMINATE, W-NOMINATE, Nominal Three-Step Estimation, Poole-Rosenthal scores	Ideal point model, Item response theory for roll calls, Spatial voting model, Bayesian ideal points
Relacionados	3	4
Resumo	NOMINATE — Nominal Three-step Estimation — is the family of spatial scaling procedures developed by Keith Poole and Howard Rosenthal to recover legislators' ideological positions from roll-call votes. Each legislator and the yea and nay outcomes of each vote are placed in a low-dimensional space, and a normal (Gaussian) deterministic utility plus a random shock governs choices. Fitted by maximum likelihood, NOMINATE produces the canonical ideal-point coordinates used to chart polarization across two centuries of the U.S. Congress, with the dynamic DW-NOMINATE variant allowing positions to drift smoothly over time.	Ideal point estimation recovers the latent policy positions — ideal points — of political actors from their observed binary choices, most often legislators' yea/nay votes on roll calls. Building on the spatial theory of voting and formalized as a Bayesian item-response model by Clinton, Jackman, and Rivers in 2004, it places each legislator and each bill in a low-dimensional policy space and estimates positions so that the probability a legislator votes yea increases as the bill's 'yea' outcome moves closer to that legislator's ideal point.