Comparar métodos

	Caminho de Menor Custo / Análise de Distância de Custo	Análise de Decisão Multicritério Baseada em SIG (SIG-MCDA)
Área	Análise espacial	Análise espacial
Família	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Ano de origem	1994	2006
Autor original	Edsger Dijkstra (shortest path); GIS cost-surface adaptation	Jacek Malczewski (GIS-MCDA synthesis)
Tipo	Raster cost-surface routing	Spatial multi-criteria suitability/decision analysis
Fonte seminal	Dijkstra, E. W. (1959). A note on two problems in connexion with graphs. Numerische Mathematik, 1(1), 269–271.	Malczewski, J. (2006). GIS-based multicriteria decision analysis: a survey of the literature. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 20(7), 703–726.
Outros nomes	cost-distance analysis, accumulated cost surface, least-cost corridor, en düşük maliyetli yol	GIS-MCDM, spatial multi-criteria analysis, GIS-AHP, weighted overlay suitability
Relacionados	3	4
Resumo	Least-cost path analysis finds the route between two locations that minimizes accumulated travel cost across a landscape, rather than minimizing straight-line distance. By encoding terrain, slope, land cover, and other frictions into a cost surface and accumulating cost outward from a source, it identifies optimal corridors for roads, pipelines, trails, power lines, and wildlife movement — a core raster-GIS technique built on Dijkstra's shortest-path logic.	GIS-MCDA combines the map layers of a geographic information system with multi-criteria decision analysis to produce suitability or priority maps — ranking locations by how well they satisfy several weighted criteria at once. It is the standard framework for spatial decisions such as siting hospitals, solar farms, landfills, or evacuation areas, integrating methods like AHP, TOPSIS, and weighted overlay with spatial data.