Comparar métodos

	Agrupamento K-means	Aprendizado Autossupervisionado
Área	Aprendizado de máquina	Aprendizado de máquina
Família	Machine learning	Machine learning
Ano de origem	1967 (formalized 1982)	2018–2020
Autor original	MacQueen, J. B.; Lloyd, S. P.	LeCun, Y. and community (formalized ~2018–2020)
Tipo	Partitional clustering	Representation learning paradigm
Fonte seminal	Lloyd, S. P. (1982). Least squares quantization in PCM. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 28(2), 129–137.	LeCun, Y. & Misra, I. (2022). Self-supervised learning: The dark matter of intelligence. Meta AI Blog. https://ai.facebook.com/blog/self-supervised-learning-the-dark-matter-of-intelligence/
Outros nomes	k-means clustering, Lloyd's algorithm, k-means partitioning, hard k-means	SSL, self-supervised pre-training, pretext-task learning, unsupervised representation learning
Relacionados	4	3
Resumo	K-means is a classic unsupervised partitional clustering algorithm that divides a dataset into K non-overlapping groups by iteratively assigning each observation to its nearest centroid and updating centroids as the mean of their assigned points. It is one of the most widely used exploratory tools in machine learning and data analysis.	Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a machine-learning paradigm that generates its own supervisory signal directly from unlabeled data by defining an auxiliary pretext task — such as predicting masked words, rotating images, or contrasting augmented views — and uses the learned representations as a powerful starting point for downstream tasks with minimal labeled examples.