Comparar métodos

	Pesquisa Descritiva Hierárquica	Amostragem Estratificada
Área	Delineamento de pesquisa	Metodologia de survey
Família	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Ano de origem	1980s–1990s (multilevel descriptive formalization)	1977
Autor original	Formalized within survey and educational research traditions; associated with Hox, Raudenbush, Bryk, and Creswell	William G. Cochran
Tipo	Quantitative observational/descriptive design	Probability-based survey sampling design
Fonte seminal	Hox, J. J. (2010). Multilevel Analysis: Techniques and Applications (2nd ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1848728455	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-16240-7
Outros nomes	multilevel descriptive design, nested descriptive study, hierarchical survey design, stratified descriptive research	Proportional Stratified Sampling, Optimal Allocation Sampling, Stratum-Based Sampling, Tabakalı Örnekleme
Relacionados	4	2
Resumo	Hierarchical descriptive research is an observational design that documents the current state of a phenomenon across two or more nested levels — for example, students within classrooms within schools, or employees within teams within organizations. Rather than testing hypotheses or explaining causation, it describes distributions, frequencies, and relationships at each level, making explicit the structured, layered nature of the population being studied.	Stratified sampling is a probability sampling design in which the target population is partitioned into non-overlapping, exhaustive subgroups called strata, and independent probability samples are drawn within each stratum. Formalized by William G. Cochran in Sampling Techniques (1977), the method exploits known population structure to reduce variance and guarantee representativeness of all major subgroups, making it a cornerstone of large-scale survey research and official statistics.