Comparar métodos

	Pesquisa com Grupo Focal	Pesquisa de Métodos Mistos	Pesquisa Online
Área	Qualitativo	Qualitativo	Metodologia de survey
Família	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Ano de origem	1940s (sociological origin); modern applied form from the 1980s–1990s	—	Mid-1990s (widespread scholarly adoption ~1995–2000)
Autor original	Robert K. Merton (sociological precursor, 1940s); popularised in applied research by Richard A. Krueger	—	Mick P. Couper, Don A. Dillman (early systematic frameworks)
Tipo	Qualitative data collection method	Research design framework	Quantitative / mixed-methods data collection technique
Fonte seminal	Krueger, R.A. & Casey, M.A. (2014). Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research (5th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483365244	Creswell, J.W. & Plano Clark, V.L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483344379	Couper, M. P. (2000). Web surveys: A review of issues and approaches. Public Opinion Quarterly, 64(4), 464–494.
Outros nomes	focus group discussion, FGD, group interview, Odak Grup Araştırması	Karma Yöntem Araştırması (Mixed Methods), multi-method research, triangulation design	web survey, internet survey, e-survey, computer-assisted web interviewing
Relacionados	6	4	6
Resumo	Focus group research is a qualitative data-collection method in which a trained moderator guides structured discussions with homogeneous groups of six to ten participants to explore ideas, attitudes, and perceptions on a defined topic. Developed from sociological roots in the 1940s and systematised for applied research by Krueger and Casey, the method leverages group interaction as a data source — revealing not just what people think, but how they negotiate and articulate views in a social setting.	Mixed methods research is a systematic research design in which quantitative and qualitative data are collected and analysed within a single study. Formalised by Creswell and Plano Clark (2003, 3rd ed. 2018), it offers three principal design variants — concurrent, sequential, and transformative — and strengthens findings through triangulation across both data strands.	An online survey is a structured data collection instrument hosted on a web platform and completed by respondents via internet-connected devices. It enables large-scale, geographically dispersed data gathering at low cost and with rapid turnaround. Respondents self-administer the questionnaire at their convenience, which reduces interviewer bias and permits automatic data capture. Online surveys are the dominant mode of survey research in social, behavioural, health, and market research today.