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	Solidny TGARCH	Model ARCH (Autoregresywna Heteroskedastyczność Warunkowa)
Dziedzina	Ekonometria	Ekonometria
Rodzina	Regression model	Regression model
Rok powstania	1994–2000s	1982
Twórca	Zakoian (1994) for TGARCH; robust extensions developed through quasi-maximum likelihood and M-estimation literature	Robert F. Engle
Typ	Volatility model with asymmetry and robust estimation	Conditional volatility model
Źródło pierwotne	Zakoian, J.-M. (1994). Threshold heteroskedastic models. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 18(5), 931–955.	Engle, R. F. (1982). Autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity with estimates of the variance of United Kingdom inflation. Econometrica, 50(4), 987–1007.
Inne nazwy	robust GJR-GARCH, robust threshold GARCH, heavy-tail TGARCH, outlier-robust TGARCH	ARCH, autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity, Engle ARCH, conditional variance model
Pokrewne	6	6
Podsumowanie	Robust TGARCH extends the Threshold GARCH model by replacing the conventional maximum likelihood objective with an estimator that is resistant to heavy-tailed innovations and outlying observations. It captures asymmetric volatility responses — where negative shocks amplify variance more than positive shocks — while remaining reliable when the return distribution deviates strongly from normality.	The ARCH model, introduced by Robert Engle in 1982, captures time-varying volatility in financial and macroeconomic time series. It models the conditional variance of today's error as a function of past squared errors, explaining why volatile periods cluster together — a phenomenon known as volatility clustering.