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	Analiza moderacji odpornej (ang. robust moderation analysis)	Analiza ścieżek z uwzględnieniem odporności
Dziedzina	Statystyka	Statystyka
Rodzina	Latent structure	Latent structure
Rok powstania	2007	1998
Twórca	Hayes & Cai; Wilcox	Yuan & Bentler (robust SEM/path framework); Huber (M-estimation foundation)
Typ	Robust regression-based interaction test	Causal path modeling with robust estimation
Źródło pierwotne	Hayes, A. F. & Cai, L. (2007). Using heteroscedasticity-consistent standard error estimators in OLS regression: An introduction and software implementation. Behavior Research Methods, 39(4), 709–722.	Yuan, K.-H. & Bentler, P. M. (1998). Robust mean and covariance structure analysis. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 51(1), 63–88.
Inne nazwy	robust interaction analysis, robust moderated regression, HC-corrected moderation, outlier-resistant interaction testing	robust PA, path analysis with robust standard errors, robust causal path modeling, robust structural path modeling
Pokrewne	5	6
Podsumowanie	Robust moderation analysis tests whether the effect of a predictor on an outcome depends on the level of a moderator variable, using estimation methods that remain valid under non-normality, heteroscedasticity, or the presence of influential outliers. It is the preferred approach when standard ordinary least squares assumptions cannot be trusted.	Robust path analysis applies robust estimation — such as sandwich standard errors or M-estimation — to path models that specify directed causal relationships among observed variables. It preserves valid inference about path coefficients and indirect effects when data violate normality, contain outliers, or exhibit heteroscedasticity that would distort conventional standard errors.