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	Robustna Analiza Czynnikowa	Factor Analysis	Analiza Głównych Składowych
Dziedzina	Statystyka	Statystyka w badaniach	Uczenie maszynowe
Rodzina	Regression model	Process / pipeline	Machine learning
Rok powstania	2003	1931	2002
Twórca	Pison, Rousseeuw, Filzmoser & Croux	Louis Leon Thurstone	Jolliffe, I.T. (textbook); Pearson & Hotelling (origins)
Typ	Robust latent-factor model	Method	Unsupervised dimensionality reduction
Źródło pierwotne	Pison, G., Rousseeuw, P. J., Filzmoser, P., & Croux, C. (2003). Robust factor analysis. Journal of Multivariate Analysis, 84(1), 145-172.	Thurstone, L. L. (1947). Multiple Factor Analysis. University of Chicago Press.	Jolliffe, I.T. (2002). Principal Component Analysis (2nd ed.). Springer.
Inne nazwy	robust factor analysis, outlier-resistant factor analysis, MCD-based factor analysis, Robust Faktör Analizi	EFA, CFA, latent variable modeling	Temel Bileşenler Analizi (PCA), PCA, principal components analysis, Karhunen-Loève transform
Pokrewne	5	3	3
Podsumowanie	Robust Factor Analysis recovers the latent factor structure of multivariate continuous data while resisting the distorting pull of outliers. Introduced by Pison, Rousseeuw, Filzmoser and Croux (2003), it replaces the classical sample covariance with a robust estimator such as the Minimum Covariance Determinant (MCD) or an S-estimator before extracting factors.	Factor analysis is a statistical technique for identifying latent (unobserved) dimensions underlying observed variables, developed by Louis Leon Thurstone in the 1930s and formalized by Jöreskog (1969). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) discovers unknown factor structure from data; confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) tests hypothesized relationships between observed and latent variables. Essential in psychometrics (test development), organizational research (measuring constructs like leadership style), and biomedicine (identifying disease subtypes), factor analysis reduces dimensionality while revealing conceptual organization in multivariate data.	Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is an unsupervised dimensionality-reduction method — given its modern textbook treatment by Ian Jolliffe (2002) — that compresses high-dimensional data into fewer dimensions while preserving the maximum possible variance. It re-expresses correlated variables as a small set of uncorrelated principal components ordered by how much of the data's variation each one captures.