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| Skala Potrzeby Poznania× | Skala Odporności psychicznej Connor-Davidson× | |
|---|---|---|
| Dziedzina | Psychologia społeczna | Psychologia społeczna |
| Rodzina | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Rok powstania≠ | 1982 | 2003 |
| Twórca≠ | John Cacioppo and Richard Petty | Kathryn Connor and Jonathan Davidson |
| Typ≠ | Intellectual engagement and cognitive motivation measure | Psychological resilience and stress coping measure |
| Źródło pierwotne≠ | Cacioppo, J. T., & Petty, R. E. (1982). The need for cognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42(1), 116–131. DOI ↗ | Connor, K. M., & Davidson, J. R. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18(2), 76–82. DOI ↗ |
| Inne nazwy | NCS, Cacioppo Need for Cognition, Intellectual Engagement Scale | CD-RISC, Connor-Davidson Scale, Resilience Scale |
| Pokrewne | 3 | 3 |
| Podsumowanie≠ | The Need for Cognition Scale (NCS) is an 18-item measure assessing individual differences in the tendency to engage in and enjoy cognitive effort. Developed by John Cacioppo and Richard Petty in 1982, the NCS operationalizes need for cognition as a stable personality trait reflecting preference for thinking about complex problems, enthusiasm for intellectual pursuits, and intrinsic enjoyment of cognitive challenge. A brief 9-item version (NCS-9) is also available. The scale has become standard in psychology research examining motivation for learning, persuasion, decision-making, and academic achievement. | The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) is a 25-item self-report measure of psychological resilience—the capacity to cope with stress, adversity, and trauma while maintaining psychological functioning. Developed by Kathryn Connor and Jonathan Davidson in 2003, the CD-RISC operationalizes resilience as a multidimensional construct encompassing personal competence, trust in instincts, positive adaptation, and meaning-making. A brief 10-item version (CD-RISC-10) is also widely available. The scale has become standard in clinical research on trauma, anxiety, depression, and recovery from adversity. |
| ScholarGateZbiór danych ↗ |
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