Rekod bukti kaedah

Within-and-Between Analysis

Within-and-Between Analysis (WABA) is a methodology for determining the level of analysis at which a relationship between variables actually operates, developed by Fred Dansereau, Joseph Alutto, and Francis Yammarino in their 1984 book on the varient approach to theory testing. The central question it answers is whether an observed correlation reflects a group-level phenomenon (differences between work units), an individual-level phenomenon (differences among individuals within units), both, or neither. WABA decomposes the variance of each variable, and the covariance between variables, into between-entity and within-entity components, then applies statistical and practical tests to draw a levels inference. Yammarino and Markham's 1992 application showed how WABA can overturn casual assumptions, demonstrating that phenomena presumed to be group-based may in fact be individual-based. Klein, Dansereau, and Hall's 1994 review situated WABA within a broader argument that levels of analysis must be specified in theory, measurement, and analysis alike. WABA forces researchers to test, rather than assume, the level at which their constructs live.

Sources recorded, not reviewed

Rekod sumber

Petikan disalin secara verbatim daripada rekod sumber kaedah. Tiada pengesahan peringkat tuntutan disimpulkan daripadanya.

Within-and-Between Analysis (WABA) for Levels-of-Analysis Inference

Rekod kaedah taksonomik · regression-model / organizational-behavior

Dansereau, F., Alutto, J. A., & Yammarino, F. J. (1984). Theory Testing in Organizational Behavior: The Varient Approach. Prentice-Hall. · ISBN 9780133595079
Yammarino, F. J., & Markham, S. E. (1992). On the application of within and between analysis: Are absence and affect really group-based phenomena? Journal of Applied Psychology, 77(2), 168-176. · DOI 10.1037/0021-9010.77.2.168
Klein, K. J., Dansereau, F., & Hall, R. J. (1994). Levels issues in theory development, data collection, and analysis. Academy of Management Review, 19(2), 195-229. · DOI 10.5465/amr.1994.9410210745

Buka kaedah penuh

Tuntutan yang dikurasi

Tuntutan disimpan dalam lejar bukti, setiap satu dengan penilaiannya sendiri.

Tiada tuntutan terkurasi lagi

Pandangan ini tidak mencipta penilaian tuntutan apabila lejar tiada.

Kaedah berkaitan

Dijana daripada graf kaedah dan ditunjukkan sebagai perhubungan yang dicadangkan mesin — tiada tuntutan bukti disimpulkan.

Used in the same domainLeader-Member Exchange Scalemachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Used in the same domainOrganizational Justice Scalemachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Used in the same domainPsychological Safety Scalemachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.