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| Model Pembetulan Ralat Vektor (VECM)× | Ujian Sempadan ARDL (Ujian Sempadan Pesaran)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Ekonometrik | Ekonometrik |
| Keluarga | Regression model | Regression model |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1987 | 2001 |
| Pengasas≠ | Engle & Granger | Pesaran, Shin & Smith |
| Jenis≠ | Multivariate time-series model | Cointegration test / Autoregressive distributed lag model |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Engle, R. F. & Granger, C. W. J. (1987). Co-Integration and Error Correction: Representation, Estimation, and Testing. Econometrica, 55(2), 251-276. DOI ↗ | Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289–326. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | vector error correction model, error correction model, cointegration model, VECM (Vektör Hata Düzeltme Modeli) | Pesaran bounds test, bounds testing approach, ARDL cointegration test, ARDL Sınır Testi (Pesaran Bounds Test) |
| Berkaitan | 4 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Vector Error Correction Model is a multivariate time-series model for cointegrated series that captures both their short-run dynamics and their long-run equilibrium relationship. It was introduced by Engle and Granger in 1987 as part of the cointegration and error-correction framework. | The ARDL bounds test is an autoregressive distributed lag method that tests for a cointegrating (long-run level) relationship between time series, introduced by Pesaran, Shin and Smith in 2001. Unlike the Johansen procedure, it remains valid whether the variables are I(0), I(1) or a mix of the two, and it is more reliable than Johansen in small samples of roughly 30 to 80 observations. |
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